Walk into a room with a Tanjore painting (also known as Thanjavur painting), and your eyes are immediately drawn to it. Glowing with 22-karat gold foil, studded with gems, and rich in color, these paintings aren’t just decorations; they are a window into a devotional art form that has been perfected over centuries.
Originating in the town of Thanjavur in South India around 1600 AD, this art was championed by the Nayaka and Maratha rulers. Today, it remains one of India’s most treasured classical art forms.
But what makes a Tanjore painting so special? And if you want to buy one, how can you tell if it’s an authentic masterpiece or a modern imitation? This guide will walk you through everything you need to know.
The 3 Defining Features of a Tanjore Painting
While beautiful, a real Tanjore painting is defined by its unique materials and techniques.
- Real 22k Gold Foil: This is the most iconic feature. Artists use genuine 22-karat gold foil to cover the embossed areas of the painting. This real gold doesn’t just glitter; it has a deep, warm luster that will not fade or tarnish over time, lasting for generations.
- The “Gesso” 3D Relief Work: The painting is not flat. Artists use a special paste called “gesso” (a mix of chalk powder and natural gum) to create raised, 3D designs for jewelry, clothing, and architectural arches. This gives the painting its signature depth and texture.
- Semi-Precious Stones & Glass: To add to the opulence, these paintings are traditionally adorned with semi-precious stones like uncut rubies, emeralds, and sapphires. In modern work, high-quality glass stones are also used to create a jewel-like effect.
The Most Popular Themes
Tanjore art is, at its heart, a devotional art form. The subjects are almost always figures from Hindu mythology, captured in classic, serene poses. The most popular themes include:
- Lord Krishna: Often depicted as a child (Bala Krishna) holding a butterball, or with his consort Radha.
- Goddess Lakshmi: The goddess of wealth and prosperity, usually shown seated on a lotus.
- Lord Ganesha: The remover of obstacles, a beloved and popular figure.
- Saraswati: The goddess of knowledge, holding a veena.
- Rama Pattabhishekam: A grand court scene depicting the coronation of Lord Rama.
The figures in these paintings are known for their plump, rounded faces and large, almond-shaped eyes, which give them a divine and peaceful expression.
A Buyer’s Guide: How to Spot an Authentic Tanjore Painting
Because this art is so valuable, many fakes and mass-produced copies exist. If you plan to buy one, here is a simple checklist to protect your investment.
Checklist for Authenticity
| Feature | ✅ Authentic Painting | ❌ Fake or Low-Quality Copy |
| Gold | Uses real 22k gold foil. Has a deep, rich glow. The gold will not fade. | Uses “synthetic gold” foil or gold-colored paint. Looks overly bright, brassy, or dark yellow and will fade in a few years. |
| Base | Made on a solid wooden plank (traditionally from jackfruit or teak wood). It feels heavy and durable. | Made on a thin piece of plywood, MDF board, or cardboard. It is lightweight and can warp easily. |
| Stones | Uses semi-precious gems or high-quality, vibrant glass stones. They are carefully set into the gesso. | Uses cheap, plastic stones or “beads” that look dull and are often just glued to the surface. |
| Artwork | You can see and feel the deep 3D gesso work. The painting is visibly layered. The figures are hand-painted with soft, blended colors. | The painting looks flat or machine-pressed. It might be a simple print that has been decorated on top. |
| Details | The artist’s work is intricate and precise. The faces are serene with classic almond eyes. | Details look messy, rushed, or printed. The faces may look like modern cartoon characters. |
| Certification | A reputable artist or gallery will always provide a Certificate of Authenticity that verifies the use of 22k gold. | No certificate is offered. The seller cannot guarantee the materials. |
Is a Tanjore Painting Worth It?
Absolutely. A real Tanjor painting is more than just art; it’s an heirloom. It is considered an auspicious item that brings positive energy and prosperity to the home. Whether for your prayer room, as a stunning centerpiece in your living room, or as a timeless wedding gift, an authentic Tanjore painting is a treasure that will last for generations.
Ready to find a piece of art that inspires? While you’re here, explore our Tanjore paining category for other unique and timeless collectibles.